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1 κενός
κενός, ή, όν (Hom.+) gener. ‘empty’① pert. to being without someth. material, empty (TestJob 10:4; GrBar 12:6; Jos., Vi. 167) κεράμιον empty jar Hm 11:15. σκεῦος (4 Km 4:3) m 11:13. κ. ἀποστέλλειν τινά send someone away empty-handed (cp. PRein 55, 9 [III A.D.] μὴ ἀναπέμψῃς αὐτὸν κενόν; Gen 31:42; Dt 15:13; Job 22:9) Mk 12:3; cp. Lk 1:53; 20:10f.② pert. to being devoid of intellectual, moral, or spiritual value, empty fig. extension of mng. 1ⓐ of things: without content, without any basis, without truth, without power κ. λόγοι empty words (Pla., Laches 196b; Menand., Mon. 512 [752 J.] Mei.; Herm. Wr. 16, 2; Ex 5:9; Dt 32:47; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 225; TestNapht 3:1.—PParis 15, 68 [120 B.C.] φάσει κενῇ) 1 Cor 3:18 D; Eph 5:6; Dg 8:2; AcPl Ox 6, 13 (cp. Aa I 241, 14); cp. D 2:5. πνεῦμα Hm 11:11, 17. κ. ἀπάτη empty deceit Col 2:8 (cp. Arrian, Anab. 5, 10, 4 κενὸς φόβος=false alarm). Of the things of everyday life vain Hm 5, 2, 2. τρυφή 12, 2, 1. πεποίθησις Hs 9, 22, 3. Of preaching and faith 1 Cor 15:14ab (cp. the theme of ‘empty hope’ Reader, Polemo p. 313); Js 2:20 P74 (cp. Demosth. 18, 150 κ. πρόφασις; Aeschyl., Pers. 804 κ. ἐλπίς; cp. Wsd 3:11; Sir 34:1). As κ. =μάταιος (1 Cor 15:17), the two words are found together in the same sense (cp. Demosth. 2, 12; Plut., Artox. 1018 [15, 6], Mor. 1117a; Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 21, 5 κενὰ καὶ μάταια of oracles; Hos 12:2; Job 20:18; EpArist 205) 1 Cl 7:2; cp. κενὴ ματαιολογία Pol 2:1.ⓑ of pers. (Pind. et al.; Soph., Ant. 709; Plut., Mor. 541a ἀνόητοι καὶ κενοί; Epict. 2, 19, 8; 4, 4, 35; Judg 9:4; 11:3 B; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 311; Just., D. 64, 2 οἱ προφῆται οἱ κενοί): foolish, senseless, empty Hm 12, 4, 5. οἱ προφῆται οἱ κενοί 11:15. ἄνθρωπος κ. Js 2:20; Pol 6:3; τῶν δούλων τοῦ θεοῦ τῶν κ. Hs 6, 2, 1. ἄνθρωπος κενὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ δικαίου empty of the upright spirit Hm 5, 2, 7. κ. ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας 11:4; ἀπὸ τῆς πίστεως κ. Hs 9, 19, 2 (cp. κενοὶ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ ἀγάπης Iren. 4, 33, 7 [Harv. II 261, 2]). In paronomasia (cp. Job 27:12) αὐτὸς κ. ὢν κενὰς καὶ ἀποκρίνεται κενοῖς he himself, empty (of God’s Spirit) as he is, gives empty answers to empty people m 11:3.—Vs. 13.③ pert. to being without purpose or result, in vain κενὰ μελετᾶν imagine vain things Ac 4:25 (Ps 2:1). κενὸν γενέσθαι be in vain: ἡ χάρις αὐτοῦ οὐ κενὴ ἐγενήθη 1 Cor 15:10. ἡ εἴσοδος ἡμῶν ἡ πρὸς ὑμᾶς οὐ κ. γέγονεν 1 Th 2:1. κόπος 1 Cor 15:58.—εἰς κενόν in vain, to no purpose (Diod S 19, 9, 5; Heliod. 10, 30; PPetr II, 37, 1b recto, 12 [III B.C.]; Kaibel 646, 10; Lev 26:20; Is 29:8; 65:23; Jer 6:29; TestJob 24:2 [εἰς τὸ κ. codd., S. and V. with Job 2:9f]; Jos., Ant. 19, 27; 96) 2 Cor 6:1. εἰς κ. τρέχειν run in vain (cp. Menand., Mon. 51 Mei. ἀνὴρ ἄβουλος εἰς κ. μοχθεῖ τρέχων) Gal 2:2; Phil 2:16a, echoed in Pol 9:2; cp. Phil 2:16b; 1 Th 3:5.—B. 932. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
2 καύχημα
καύχημα, ατος, τό (s. prec. and next entry; Pind., I. 5, 51 [65]; LXX; TestJob; Tat. 2, 1). On Gr-Rom. perspectives s. καυχάομαι 2.① act of taking pride in someth. or that which constitutes a source of pride, boast (Ael. Aristid. 32, 5 K.=12 p. 135 D.), then also used when the boast is not made in words, to denote the thing of which one is proud, in this sense pride (Dt 33:29; Pr 17:6) κ. ἔχει he has someth. to boast about Ro 4:2. οὐκ ἔστιν μοι κ. I have no right to boast 1 Cor 9:16. εἰς ἑαυτὸν τὸ κ. ἔχειν have a reason for boasting on one’s own account Gal 6:4 (PHaeuser, BZ 12, 1914, 45–56). With gen. (Ps.-Callisth. 2, 22, 7 and 11 Περσῶν κ.) τὸ κ. μου οὐδεὶς κενώσει 1 Cor 9:15. κ. τινος εἶναι be someone’s pride 2 Cor 1:14. εἰς κ. ἐμοὶ εἰς ἡμέραν Χριστοῦ as my pride (and joy) in the day of Christ Phil 2:16. τὸ κ. ἡμῶν what we are proud of 1 Cl 34:5. τὸ κ. ὑμῶν what you can be proud of Phil 1:26. οὐ καλὸν τὸ κ. ὑμῶν what you are (so) proud of 1 Cor 5:6. τὸ κ. τῆς ἐλπίδος that for which we are proud to hope (cp. Ro 5:2) Hb 3:6.② expression of pride, boast, what is said in boasting ἵνα μὴ τὸ κ. ἡμῶν τὸ ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κενωθῇ so that what we say in praise of you may not prove to be empty words 2 Cor 9:3.—In effect= boasting (cp. Pind., I. 5, 51 καύχημα=act. ‘boasting’) ἀφορμὴν διδόναι τινὶ καυχήματος ὑπέρ τινος give someone an occasion to be proud of someone 5:12.—PGenths, D. Begriff des καύχημα b. Pls: NKZ 38, 1927, 501–21.—DELG s.v. καυχάομαι. TW. Spicq. -
3 αερολέσχης
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4 ἀερολέσχης
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5 ματαιότης
-ητος + ἡ N 3 0-0-0-55-0=55 Ps 4,3; 25(26),4; 30(31),7; 37(38),13; 38(39),6emptiness, vanity Eccl 1,2; folly Prv 22,8aεἰς ματαιότητα in vain Ps 138(139),20; ἐλάλησαν ματαιότητας they spoke or uttered empty words Ps 37(38),13*Ps 39(40),5 ματαιότητας vanities-⋄ריק? for MT רהבים the powerful, the proudneol.Cf. BERTRAM 1952 26-49(esp.30-36); HARL 1992a, 24; →NIDNTT; TWNT -
6 ἀερολέσχης
A man of big empty words, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀερολέσχης
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7 εὑρίσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `find' (τ 158)Other forms: Aor. εὑρεῖν, ind. εὗρον (Il.; later also ηὗρον), fut. εὑρήσω (h. Merc. 302, Ion.-Att.), perf. εὕρηκα, - ημαι ( ηὕρ-), aor. pass. εὑρεθῆναι with fut. εὑρεθήσομαι (Ion.-Att.)Compounds: often with prefix, e. g. ἀν-, ἐξ-, ἐφ-. As 1. member εὑρησι- (later εὑρεσι-) in εὑρησι-επής `who finds ἔπη, epic poet' (Pi.), εὑρησι-λογέω `find grounds, find excuses' and - λογία `abitlity, to find grounds, eristics, making empty words' (hell.; after the compp. in - λογέω, - λογία, cf. Schwyzer 726; on the meaning Zucker Philol. 82, 256ff.); with εὑρησί-λογος (Corn. a. o.).Derivatives: derivv., also from the prefixcompp. (not noted): εὕρημα, later εὕρεμα (Schwyzer 523) `find' (Ion.-Att.), εὕρεσις `discovery' (Ion.-Att.; εὕρησις Apollod.; vgl. Fraenkel 1, 187 n. 1); εὕρετρα pl. `finder-reward' (Ulp.); εὑρετής `discoverer' (Att.) with f. εὑρετίς, - έτις (S. Fr. 101 [uncertain], D. S.); also εὑρέτρια (D. S., pap.; Chantraine Formation 104ff., Schwyzer 475); Εὑρέσιος surname of Ζεύς = Iupiter Inventor (D. H.; after Ίκέσιος a. o.); εὑρετικός `of a dicoverer' (Pl.), εὑρετός `to find' (Hp., S.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The original confective meaning of εὑρίσκειν makes it probable, that the aorist will be archaic. Beside it was prob. an old perfect, seen in εὕρη-κα. After it came εὑρήσω; the latest member (beside εὑρεθῆναι) was the present εὑρίσκειν (quantity of the ι unknown), which was therefore an innovation. - The aorist εὑρεῖν can be a thematic root formation for *ἐ-Ϝρεῖν, with ἐ- as prothetic (which would mean * h₁w(e)r- ?) or from the ind. *ἔ-Ϝρ-ον (for *ἠ-Ϝρ-ον?); the aspiration secondary after ἑλεῖν a. o.? Or was it a reduplicated aorist *Ϝε-Ϝρεῖν with dissimilatory loss of the anlauting Ϝ- and secondary aspiration. - A reduplicated formation is found also in OIr. preterite -fúar `I found' \< IE *u̯e-u̯r- (pres. fo-gabim); the pass. - frīth `inventum est', which as IE *u̯rē-to- agrees with *Ϝρη- in - Ϝέ-Ϝρη-κα (\> εὕρηκα). Also in OCS ob-rětъ `I found' IE *u̯rē-t- has been supposed. - A full grade u̯er- is seen in Arm. gerem (sec. aorist gerec̣i) `take prisoner'. - Lit. in Schwyzer 709 n. 2. - See now Taillardat, RPh. 34 (1960) 232-235: from *su̯er-, with * sesure \> εὗρε (?).Page in Frisk: 1,591-592Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εὑρίσκω
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8 ματαιότης
ματαιότης, ητος, ἡ (s. prec. entry; Philod., Rhet. II p. 26, 6 Sudh. μ. ἀνθρώπων; Sext. Emp., Adv. Math. 1, 278; Pollux 6, 134; LXX; TestSol 8:2 D; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 141. Perh. also CIG IV, 8743, 6) state of being without use or value, emptiness, futility, purposelessness, transitoriness τῇ μ. ἡ κτίσις ὑπετάγη the creation was subjected to frustration Ro 8:20. Of the heathen περιπατεῖν ἐν μ. τοῦ νοός walk with their minds fixed on futile things Eph 4:17. φεύγειν ἀπὸ πάσης μ. flee from all idle speculations 4:10; cp. Pol 7:2 (καθαρεύειν ἀπὸ πάσης μ. νοημάτων καὶ λέξεων Orig., C. Cels. 5, 46, 5). ὑπέρογκα ματαιότητος φθέγγεσθαι utter highsounding but empty words 2 Pt 2:18 (cp. Ps 37:13). ἐπὶ ματαιότητι out of folly (Arrian, Ind. 36, 1 ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγγελίης τῇ ματαιότητι) ITr 8:2.—DELG s.v. μάτη. M-M. TW. -
9 ἀπατάω
ἀπατάω fut. ἀπαντήσω LXX; 1 aor. ἠπάτησα LXX; TestJud 12:3; Tat. 8, 3. Pass.: fut. ἀπατηθήσομι; aor. ἠπατήθην (s. ἀπάτη; Hom. et al.; not in ins; rare in pap [e.g. PSI 152, 24 (II A.D.) in a fragmentary context, perh. ἠπάτ[ων]; PLond IV, 1345, 13: sp. ηπαιτησας (VII A.D.)]; Epicurus p. 298, 29 Us.; Plut.; Epict. 4, 5, 32; Herodian 2, 1, 10; LXX; PsSol 16:8; TestSol, TestJob, Test12Patr; GrBar 4:8; ApcEsdr 2:15 p. 26, 18 Tdf.; ApcSed, ApcMos; Philo, Aet. M. 117; Joseph., Just., Tat., Ath.).① deceive, mislead τινά τινι (Is 36:14) someone with someth. μηδεὶς ὑμᾶς ἀπατάτω κενοῖς λόγοις let nobody deceive you w. empty words Eph 5:6 (cp. TestNapht 3:1; Jos., Vi. 302 λόγοις ἀ. τινὰ). ἀπατῶν αὐτοὺς τ. ἐπιθυμίαις τ. πονηραῖς Hs 6, 2, 1. ἀ. καρδίαν ἑαυτοῦ deceive oneself Js 1:26 (cp. Job 31:27; Just., D. 141, 2 al.; Ath. 36, 2); Hs 6, 4, 1 and 4. W. acc. of pers. Dg 2:1; Hm 11:13. Pass. (Jos., Ant. 12, 20; w. the mng. ‘be led astray’ C. Ap. 2, 245) Ἀδὰμ οὐκ ἠπατήθη 1 Ti 2:14 (v.l. has the simplex also in ref. to Eve). ἀπατηθεὶς τῷ κάλλει τῶν γυναικῶν τούτων led astray by the beauty of these women Hs 9, 13, 9 (TestJud 12:3 ἠπάτησέ με τὸ κάλλος αὐτῆς. PsSol 16:8 μὴ ἀπατησάτω με κάλλος γυναικὸς παρανομούσης.—ἀ.=‘seduce sexually’ as early as Eratosth. p. 22, 10).② mid. enjoy oneself, live pleasurably (w. τρυφᾶν cp. Sir 14:16 and s. ἀπάτη 2) Hs 6, 4, 1; 6, 5, 3f.—DELG s.v. ἀπάτη. M-M. TW. -
10 μάταιος
μάται-ος [μᾰ], α, ον A.Pr. 331, Th. 442, Ag. 422 (lyr.), etc.; also ος, ον ib. 1151, Ch.82, Eu. 337 (all lyr.), S.OC 780, E.IT 628, Pl.Sph. 231b, D.1.18: ([etym.] μάτη):—I vain, empty, idle:1 of words, acts, etc.,μάταια νομίζομεν Thgn.141
, cf. 487, 492, etc.; μ. λόγοι idle tales or words, Hdt.7.10.ή; μ. ἔπεα ib.11;δόξαι φέρουσαι χάριν μ. A. Ag. 422
(lyr.); μ. ὑλάγματα, ποιφύγματα, ib. 1672, Th. 281; μ. εὐχή E.l.c.;μάταια βάζειν τινά Id.Hipp.119
;μ. τι δρᾶσαί τινα Id.Cyc.662
(lyr.);μ. ἂν εἴη πόνος Pl.Ti. 40d
; μ. ἡδονή S.l.c.;δοξοσοφία Pl.Sph.
l.c.; ; τὰ μ. ἀναλώματα useless expenses, POxy.58.20 (iii A.D.); but also, μ. ἔπος a word of offence, Hdt.3.120.2 of persons, empty, foolish,ματαιότεροι νόον Thgn.1025
, cf. Hdt.2.173, S.Tr. 863, 888 (lyr.), Ar.V. 338, Amips.9 ([comp] Sup.);φῦλον ματαιότατον Pi.P.3.21
; worthless, S.Ant. 1339 (lyr.).II rash, irreverent, profane, freq. in A., μ. γλῶσσα Pr.l.c., Ag. 1662 (troch.); ; αὐτουργίαι μ., of matricide and the like , Eu.l.c.; χαρὰ μ. mad merriment, Th. 442;μ. ἀνοσίων τε κνωδάλων Supp. 762
; τὸ μὴ μ. seriousness, gravity, ib. 198;ψαύειν ματαίαις χερσί S.Tr. 565
.III Adv. -ως idly, without ground, ib. 940, Emp.39.2, E.Fr.908.4;ὀχλεῖν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις Aen.Tact.6.1
; μ. ἐρεῖν to no purpose, Pl.Ep. 331d; ταλαιπωρῆσαι Polystr.p.31 W.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μάταιος
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11 μάτη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: roughly `fault, folly' (Stesich., A., S.), also ματίη `id.' (κ 79, A. R.), metr. useful transformation (Porzig Satzinhalte 204 a. 70, Scheller Oxyronierung 39 w. n. 1). -- μάτην adv. `idly, vainly, without reason' (h. Cer.).Derivatives: 1. μάταιος `idly, empty, foolish, rash' (IA.) with ματαιό-της (hell.), - σύνη (Polem. Phgn.) `idleness etc.' and the denominatives: a) ( ἀπο-) ματαΐζω (Hdt., J.), ματᾳζω (A., S.; on the phonetics etc. Schwyzer 265 a. 736) `talk nonsense, act foolishly', also - αιάζω `id.' (hell.); b) ματαιόομαι, - όω `render to puposelessness, act foolishly' (LXX, NT) with ματαίωμα (Hermas). -- 2. ματάω, aor. ματῆσαι `do in vain, miss, be useless' (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The difficulty, to define exactly the original meaning of the verbal noun μά-τη (on its formation Fraenkel Nom. sg. 2, 115) and the fossilized acc. μάτην which originated from there (Schwyzer 621), makes searching for a convincing etymology almost impossible. The connection with some Slavic words, e.g. Pol. mat-am, mat-ać `swindel, turn, lie, deceive', Sbcr. mat-am, - ati `allure, attract' (Bq, WP. 2, 219f., Pok. 693 with Prellwitz and Zubatý) has clearly a minimal value; cf. Vasmer Wb. s. matošítь, where the Slavic words are estimated differently. S. also on μηνύω. Different proposals in Bq. - Fur. 88 n. 476 reminds that words for stupid, foolish are often Pre-Greek (also 242, 339; cf. ματταβος ὁ μωρός Η.; also words in - αιος are often Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,185Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μάτη
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12 ῥακά
ῥακά (also written ῥαχά; so as an uncomplimentary, perh. foul epithet in a Zenon pap of 257 B.C.: Sb 7638, 7 ʼ Αντίοχον τὸν ῥαχᾶν [s. on this Colwell, JBL 53, ’34, 351–54; Goodsp, Probs. 20–23; MSmith, JBL 64, 1945, 502f]) a term of abuse/put-down relating to lack of intelligence, numskull, fool (in effect verbal bullying) Mt 5:22, a term of abuse, as a rule derived fr. the Aramaic רֵיקָא or רֵיקָה ‘empty one’, found (Billerb. I 278f) in the Talmud (EKautzsch, Gramm. des Biblisch-Aramäischen 1884, 10; Dalman, Gramm.2 173f; SFeigin, JNES 2, ’43, 195f; Mlt-H. 152 w. note 3), empty-head. Doubt as to the correctness of this derivation is expressed by Wlh. and Zahn ad loc.; FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 241–43. Among the ancient interpreters, the Gk. Onomastica, Jerome, Hilary, and the Opus Imperfectum p. 62 (MPG LVI, 690) take ῥ. as= κενός=Lat. vacuus=empty-head, numskull, fool. Chrysostom says (MPG LVII, 248): τὸ δὲ ῥακὰ οὐ μεγάλης ἐστὶν ὕβρεως ῥῆμα … ἀντὶ τοῦ σύ=‘ῥ. is not an expression denoting a strong put-down … but is used in place of σύ.’ The same thing in somewhat different words in Basilius, Regulae 51 p. 432c: τί ἐστί ῥακά; ἐπιχώριον ῥῆμα ἠπιωτέρας ὕβρεως, πρὸς τοὺς οἰκειοτέρους λαμβανόμενον ‘what is the mng. of ῥ.? It is a colloquial term of rather gentle cheek and generally used in familiar surroundings’. Sim., Hecataeus: 264 Fgm. 4 p. 13, 21f Jac. (in Plut., Mor. 354d) explains the name Ammon as coming fr. a form of address common among the Egyptians: προσκλητικὴν εἶναι τὴν φωνήν.—SKrauss, OLZ 22, 1919, 63; JLeipoldt, CQR 92, 1921, 38; FBussby, ET 74, ’64, 26; RGuelich, ZNW 64, ’73, 39–52; Betz, SM ad loc. S. the lit. s.v. μωρός.—TRE III 608. EDNT. M-M. TW. -
13 νήχω
+ V 0-0-0-1-0=1 Jb 11,12to swim; *Jb 11,12 νήχεται λόγοις he swims in words corr.? ἐνέχεται λόγοις caught in words, entangled in words for MT נבוב empty-headed; see νηκτός -
14 ἀνεμώλιος
ἀνεμ-ώλιος, ον,A windy, Hom., but only metaph., ἀνεμώλια βάζειν talk words of wind, Il.4.355, Od.11.464; οἱ δ' αὖτ' ἀνεμώλιοι are like the winds, i.e. empty boasters, Il.20.123; τί νυ τόξον ἔχεις ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως; why bear thy bow in vain? 21.474; δίκη ἀ., of a trial, Maiist.38;ἔπεσεν.. ἀνεμώλιον αὔτως Theoc.25.239
;εἶπε δ' ὕδωρ πίνειν, ἀνεμώλιος
the empty fool!AP
11.61 (Maced.); ἀ. ἀσπίδα θεῖναι make it powerless, i.e. harmless, Orph.L. 512.—[dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. word, used by Luc.Astr.2. (From ἄνεμος, with [dialect] Aeol. ending -ώνιος, by dissimilation -ώλιος, Eust.1214.27; cf. μετα-μώνιος.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνεμώλιος
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15 κοῦφος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `light, not heavy, easily movable, nimbly, vain, empty' (Ν 158 and θ 201: κοῦφα resp. κουφότερον as adv.); on the meaning Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 76 etc. (s. index).Compounds: Few compp., e. g. κουφό-νοος ` with a nimble mind' (trag.), ὑπό-κουφος `rather light' (Dsc., Plu.).Derivatives: κουφοτής f. ` lightness' (Hp., Pl.; accent after βαρυτής, Wackernagel Gött. Nachr. 1909, 59 = Kl. Schr. 2, 1117, Schwyzer 382); κουφεῖαι pl. prob. `vase-sherds, debris'? ( PTeb. 5, 199; IIa; κοῦφον [ κεράμιον] also `[empty] vessel'); NGr. ( ἀγριο-)κουφίτης m. plant-name, `Erdrauch, Fumaria' (Redard Les noms grecs en - της 68 u. 73). Denomin. κουφίζω `lighten, raise, cancel' (Hp., Att.), rarely intr. ` be light' (Hes. Op. 463, Hp., trag.), with κούφισις (Th.), - ισμα (E.), - ισμός (hell.) `lightening'; κουφιστήρ ` ring-pad' (to lighten the pressure; medic.); κουφιστικός ` lightening' (Arist.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Isolated, but still prob. inherited(?). Worthless speculations in Osthoff MU 6, 17f. and those noted in Bq. The full grade of the stem and the barytonesis are remarkable in the case of an adj. (Schwyzer 459); prop. adjectiv. subst.? - Through κοῦφος the old forms ἐλαχύς, ἐλαφρός were partly replaced resp. pushed back, which was not unimportant for these words.Page in Frisk: 1,936Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κοῦφος
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16 κύαρ
κύαρ [zie κυεω]Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `eye of a needle, orifice of the ear' (Hp., Poll.).Etymology: Old r-stem, with thematic tranformation in Av. sūr-a- m. `hole, lacuna' (IE. *ḱūr-o-), further with other ablaut Arm. sor `hole' (IE. *ḱou̯er-o- ?); but hardly Lat. caverna (Etruscan ?; W.-Hofmann s.v.; diff. Specht Ursprung 350). An alternating l-stem is supposed in κύλα τὰ ὑποκάτω τῶν βλεφάρων κοιλώματα H. (s.v.); further κοῖλος `hollow' from *κοϜιλ-ος. With sufflx Lat. cavus `hollow' (s. κοῖλος). See also on κῶος `cave' (s. v.). - The words are generally connected with the group of κυέω assuming a basic `curvation' (with `inside c.' \> `hollowing', resp. `ouside c.' \> `vaulting'; s. Pok. 592ff., W.-Hofmann s. cavus). If there is a connection at all, we must rather start from a meaning `blow (up)'; cf. Skt. śūna- `swelled up, grown up', śū́na n. `empty, lack', śūnyá- `empty, hollow'.Page in Frisk: 2,38Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύαρ
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17 φλαττόθρατ
φλαττόθρατ and [full] φλαττοθραττοφλαττόθρατ, Com. words in Ar. Ra. 1296, 1286; meant to parody an empty high-flown style—'sound and fury signifying nothing'.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φλαττόθρατ
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18 ψοφέω
A , etc.:—sound, make a noise (opp. φωνέω, Arist.de An. 420b30, HA 535b3), E.Or. 137;ψοφεῖ ἀρβύλη Id.Ba. 638
(troch.);πύλαι ψοφοῦσι Id.HF78
(v. infr. 11); ψοφεῖ λάλον τι, like a cracked pot, Ar. Ach. 933 (lyr.);ἐψόφησεν ἄμπελος Id. Pax 612
(troch.); ἐψόφει.. οὐκ οἶδ' ἅττα ib. 1152 (troch.); ;ποταμοὶ ψοφοῦντες Pl.R. 396b
; of a bell, Str. 14.2.21: c. acc. cogn., [ἡ χαλκὶς] ψοφεῖ οἷον συριγμόν Arist.HA 535b19
; ψ. ψόφον ib. b13.2 esp. of an empty noise,πάντα γάρ τοι τῷ φοβουμένῳ ψοφεῖ S.Fr.61
;κόμποι ψοφοῦσιν Alex.25.9
;μέγα ψοφέουσαν ἀοιδήν Call.Aet.Oxy.2079.19
(cf. Fr. 165).II c. acc., ψοφεῖν τὰς θύρας knock at the door inside to show that one is coming out (opp. κόπτειν or κρούειν knock at the outside),τὴν θύραν ψοφεῖ τις ἐξιών Men.Pk. 126
, cf. Epit. 454;ἐψόφηκε προϊὼν τὴν θύραν Id.Sam. 324
, cf. Luc.Sol.9; but the two words are sts. used indiscriminately, cf. Plu.Publ.20; also of the door (intr.), τί αἱ θύραι νύκτωρ ψοφοῖεν why they were heard to open, Lys.1.14, cf. 17, Men.Sam. 222;ἐψόφηκεν ἡ θ. Com.Adesp.21.1
D.;ἐψόφηκε ῥόπαλον CIG5149b
([place name] Cyrene).III intr., κλαίοντες αὐτῇ δειλίᾳ ψοφήσετε perh. = you will perish, come to a bad end, S.Ichn.162: cf.διαφωνέω 3b
.IV = μαστιγόω, ἐξουσίαν ἐχέτω.. ἐπιτειμέων τρόπ [ῳ ᾧ κα θέλῃ καὶ ψο]φέων καὶ διδέ[ων] καὶ πωλέων Supp.Epigr.2.307 (Delph.); ἐπιτιμέουσα καὶ ψοφευσασα (sic lapis; leg. ψοφεῦσα)καὶ διδέουσα κτλ. Delph.3(2).131
(i B. C.); cf. μαστιγοῦσαι replacing ψοφέουσαι in the same formula, GDI2324 (Delph.). -
19 ἐνδίδωμι
A give in: hence,I give into one's hands, give up to,ἀσκὸν ἔνδος μοι E.Cyc. 510
(lyr.), etc.;ἑαυτόν τινι Pl.R. 561b
, cf. Ar.Pl. 781 (v. l.);τινὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις Pl.R. 567a
; ἐ. πόλιν surrender a city, esp. by treachery, Th.4.66, cf. X.HG7.4.14, etc.; τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις τὰ πράγματα ἐ. Th.7.48, cf. 2.65:—[voice] Pass., : impers., οὐδὲν ἐνεδίδοτο ἀπὸ τῶν ἔνδον no sign of surrender was made, Arr.An.1.20.6.4 [voice] Pass., to be interposed,ἐνδοθεισῶν ὀλίγων ἡμερῶν Aët.13.121
.II lend, afford, ἐνδιδόναι τινὶ Χερὸς στηρίγματα lend him a supporting hand, E.IA 617; ἐ. ἀφορμάς give an occasion, Id.Hec. 1239; ;πρόφασίν τινι κακῷ γενέσθαι Th.2.87
, cf. D.18.158;καιρόν Id.4.18
; ἐ. ὑποψίαν ὡς .. give ground for suspicion that.., Pl.Lg. 887e;ἐλπίδας τινί τινος Plu.Alc.14
:—cause, excite,λὺγξ σπασμὸν ἐνδιδοῦσα Th.2.49
; ποθήν, δίψαν, Aret.SA2.1, CA 1.10;τάδε τῆς ψυχῆς τοῦ στομάχου -όντος εἶναι δεῖ τὴν πάθην Id.SD 2.6
.III show, exhibit,δικαιοσύνην καὶ πιστότητα ἐνέδωκαν, ἄχαρι δὲ οὐδέν Hdt.7.52
; μαλακὸν ἐνδιδόναι οὐδέν show no sign of flagging, Id.3.51, 105, Ar.Pl. 488;ἢν δ' ἐνδιδῷ τι μαλθακόν E.Hel. 508
;ἵνα σοὶ μηδὲν ἐνδοίην πικρόν Id.Andr. 225
.IV grant, concede, εἰ δ' ἐνδιδοίης, ὥσπερ ἐνδίδως, λόγον ib. 965; ἐ. οὐδέν make no concession, Th. 2.12; ἐ. τι make a concession, ib.18;ἐ. ὁποσονοῦν Id.4.37
;κἂν παίζων τίς σοι ἐνδῷ ὁτιοῦν Pl.Grg. 499b
.V intr., allow, permit,ὅσον ἐνέδωκαν αἱ μοῖραι Hdt.1.91
; give in, give way, οὐ πρότερον ἐνέδοσαν ἢ .. Th.2.65; ὡς εἶδον αὐτοὺς ἐνδόντας ib.81; flag, fail, ; τὸ ἐνδιδόν the weak spot, Luc.Anach.26; ἐ. τινί yield to..,οἴκτῳ Th.3.37
;ἀλλήλοις Id.4.44
;τῇ τῶν πλειόνων γνώμῃ D.Prooem.34
;τῇ διακρίσει Dam.Pr. 303
;πρὸς ὕπνον Plu.Sull. 28
; ἐ. πρὸς τὰς διαλύσεις show an inclination towards.., Id.Flam. 9.2 of ailments, abate, Aret.SA1.10; but ἢν τὸ οὖρον μὴ ἐνδῷ does not pass, Hp.Prog.19:—in S.OC 1076, Elmsl. restored ἐνδώσειν from Sch.3 of elastic substances, give way, yield, οἰσοφάγος ἐ. Arist.PA 664a34; of the air, Id.Pr. 937b34; of trees, be flexible, Thphr. HP5.6.1; of the flanks and eyes, fall in, Arist.Pr. 876a37, cf. GA 747a16; of a corpse, decompose, Parth.31.2; of a funeral-pile, Thphr. HP9.3.3; ἐρείσματα ἐ. the props give way, Plb.5.100.5.4 εἴσω ἐνδιδοῖ τὸ ἄλγος penetrates inwardly, Aret.CA1.10.VI give the key-note of a tune, strike up,τοῖς ἵπποις τὸ ὀρχηστικὸν μέλος Arist.Fr. 583
: abs.,ἡγεῖτο.. εῖς ἀνήρ, ὃς ἐνεδίδου τοῖς ἄλλοις τὰ τῆς ὀρχήσεως σχήματα D.H.7.72
, cf. Luc.Rh.Pr.13; τὰ ἐνδιδόμενα orders, words of command, Arr.Tact.31.6: metaph., give the key-note, of a speech, Arist.Rh. 1414b26; cf. ἐνδόσιμος (but ἐ. φωνήν cry aloud, LXXNu.14.1):τοῖς μεθ' ἑαυτὸ τὴν γόνιμον ἐ. πρόοδον Procl.Inst. 152
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐνδίδωμι
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20 ἐπιλαμβάνω
A take or get besides,ἐπὶ τοῖς πεντήκοντα ταλάντοις ἑκατόν Arist.Pol. 1259a28
: c. gen. partit., ἐ. τοῦ χρόνου take a little more time, M.Ant.1.17;τῆς ἀρχῆς Paus.9.14.5
.2. simply, take, receive, PEleph.10.1 (iii B.C.), OGI179.18 (Egypt, i B.C.), etc.II. lay hold of, seize, attack, as a disease, Hdt.8.115, Hp.Aph.6.51, Th.2.51; of an enemy, Luc.Nav.36:—[voice] Pass.,ἐπείληπται νόσῳ S.Ant. 732
; τὴν αἴσθησιν ἐπιληφθείς becoming unconscious, Plu.Flam.6; ἐπελήφθη had an epileptic fit, Gal.11.859.b. of events, overtake, surprise, μὴ..χειμὼν τὴν φυλακὴν ἐπιλάβοι Th.4.27
; νυκτὸς ἐπιλαβούσης τὸ ἔργον ib. 96;ταχὺ ἐπιλαβὸν γῆρας Pl.Epin. 974a
: impers., ἐπιλαμβάνει, c. acc. et inf., it befalls one that.., Paus.6.22.4, 7.21.1.2. attain to, come within reach of, reach, X.An.6.5.6; ἔτη ὀκτὼ ἐ. πολέμου live over eight years, Th.4.133;ἡμέρας ἑπτακαίδεκα τῆς ἑβδόμης ὑπατείας Plu.Mar. 46
: c. gen. partit., ἐ. τετάρτου μηνός arrive at, of the foetus, Arist.HA 583b22 (but ἐ. τοῦ ἑνδεκάτου μηνός, of the mother, ib. 584a37); ὥστε καὶ τοῦ χειμῶνος ἐ. Thphr.HP1.9.6.3. seize, stop, esp. by pressure, ;ἐ. τὸ κλύσμα τῆς ὀπίσω ὁδοῦ Hdt.2.87
; ἐ. τὸ ὕδωρ stop the water-clock in court, Lys.23.4, Is.3.76;τὸν αὐλίσκον Arist.Ath.67.3
, cf. Pr. 866b13, Plb.10.44.12;τὸ στόμα τοῖς ἐπικαλύμμασιν Arist.HA 527b21
.4. occupy space, μηδὲν τῶν τῆς πόλεως.. οἰκοδομήμασι ἐ. Pl.Lg. 779c ([voice] Med.);πλείω τόπον Arist. Cael. 305b19
;πλατύτερον τόπον Plu.Cat.Ma.5
: metaph., πολὺν χῶρον ἐ. get over much ground, traverse it rapidly, Theoc.13.65.5. c. gen., undertake, τῆς κινήσεως, τῆς νήξεως, Ael.NA5.18, 13.19.7. intr., succeed, follow, Arist.Pr. 860a7.8. of food or drink, take extra,οἰνάριον Plu.Cat.Ma.1
; take after other food, Dsc.2.112.III. [voice] Med. (with [tense] pf.ἐπείλημμαι Pl.Cra. 396d
, D.3.27), hold oneself on by, lay hold of, c. gen.,τῶν νεῶν Hdt.6.113
, Th.4.14, etc.;τῶν ἀφλάστων νεός Hdt. 6.114
; τῶν ἐπισπαστήρων ib.91;τῆς ἴτυος X.An.4.7.12
;τῶν ἁμαξῶν Plu.Oth.3
; ὅτου ἐπιλάβοιτο τὰ δρέπανα whomsoever the scythes caught, X.Cyr.7.1.31; ;ἐπιλαβόμενός [τινος] τῇ χειρί D. 21.60
; τῶν τριχῶν by the hair, Aeschin.3.150; μὴ 'πιλαμβάνου hold me not! E.Ph. 896.2. attack.τινός X.HG4.2.22
; esp. with words, Pl.Phdr. 236b; of things, τῆς θερμασίας πόρων -ομένης Epieur.Ep.2p.52U.; of diseases, Luc.Nigr.29.3. make a seizure of, arrest,τῶν παίδων D.33.9
; seize goods in default of payment, Id.21.133.b. lay hands on in assertion of a claim, Pl.Lg. 954c, POxy.1707.15 (iii A.D.), etc.4. lay hold of, get, obtain, προστάτεω a chief, Hdt.1.127;προφάσιος ἔς τινα Id.3.36
, cf. 6.49;δυνάμιος Id.9.09
; ; ἐξουσίας, γαλήνης, Pl.R. 360d, Plt. 273a, cf. PTeb.48.20 (ii B.C.), etc.; ἐ. λογισμῷ, Lat. ratione assequi, Pl.Phd. 79a.5. of Place, reach, ;τῶν ὀρῶν Plu.Ant.41
: metaph., of a state or condition, ἐρημίας ἐπειλημμένοι having found an empty field, i.e. an absence of all competitors, D.3.27, cf. Arist.Pol. 1305b16.6. attempt,πράξεων μεγάλων Plu.Mar.7
.8. take up, interrupt in speaking, Id.Grg. 506b, Smp. 214e; object to,τοῦ ψηφίσματος X.HG2.1.32
; ἐ. ὅτι.. object that.., Pl.R. 490c.9. rarely c. acc., seize, τὰς Ἀθήνας (leg. λήψονται) Lycurg.84.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπιλαμβάνω
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